원래 하던 일이 그다지 떳떳하지 못했던 레진이 회사를 차리니 이런 짓들을 한다. 늦게 배운 도둑질에 밤새는 줄 모른다 했던가?
떠오르는 젊은 적폐 레진코믹스 이야기를 들어보자.
필스교양이 제공되는 플랫폼이 이미 떠오른 적폐 팟빵이라는 점이 매우 아쉽지만...
떠오르는 젊은 적폐 레진코믹스 이야기를 들어보자.
필스교양이 제공되는 플랫폼이 이미 떠오른 적폐 팟빵이라는 점이 매우 아쉽지만...
Wednesday, February 14, 2018
한국 정부는 불리한 가용정보(AFA) 적용 美 반덤핑·상계관세 조치에 대해 세계무역기구(WTO) 분쟁해결절차 회부
불리한 가용정보(AFA) 적용 美 반덤핑·상계관세 조치에 대해 세계무역기구(WTO) 분쟁해결절차 회부
□ 정부는 우리 기업이 수출하는 철강과 변압기에 대해 미국이 불리한 가용정보(AFA)*를 적용하여 고율의 반덤핑 및 상계관세를 부과한 조치가 세계무역기구(이하 WTO) 협정에 위배된다고 보고, 2.14(수) WTO 분쟁해결절차에 회부하기로 했다.
** AFA 적용결과
ㅇ 정부는 그간 美측에 양자 및 다자채널*을 통해 AFA 적용의 문제점을 지속 제기하였으나, 미국의 AFA 적용이 계속되고 있어,
□ 정부는 WTO 분쟁해결절차의 첫 단계인 양자협의시 미국의 AFA 적용에 따른 반덤핑 및 상계관세 조치가 조속히 시정 또는 철폐될 수 있도록 미국과 협의하고,
ㅇ 동 사안이 해결되지 않는 경우 WTO에 패널설치를 요청하여 본격적인 분쟁해결절차*를 진행할 예정이다.
□ 정부는 우리 기업이 수출하는 철강과 변압기에 대해 미국이 불리한 가용정보(AFA)*를 적용하여 고율의 반덤핑 및 상계관세를 부과한 조치가 세계무역기구(이하 WTO) 협정에 위배된다고 보고, 2.14(수) WTO 분쟁해결절차에 회부하기로 했다.
* AFA(adverse facts available) : 반덤핑·상계관세 조사시 피조사 기업이 제출한 자료가 아닌, 불리한 가용정보(제소자 주장 덤핑률 또는 보조금률 등)를 사용하여 조치수준을 상향조정하는 조사기법ㅇ 미국은 ‘15.8월 관세법을 개정*한 이래 ’16.5월 도금강판 반덤핑 최종판정을 기점으로 현재까지 총 8건**의 조사에 AFA를 적용하여 9.49~60.81%의 반덤핑·상계관세를 부과하였다.
* AFA 적용시 가용정보의 합리성 등에 대한 신중한 검증 절차 없이 조사대상 기업에게 불리한 정보를 사용하여 덤핑률 등을 계산할 수 있는 재량권 부여
** AFA 적용결과
철강 (반덤핑 및 상계관세)
|
변압기 (반덤핑)
|
․도금강판(‘16.5월) : 반덤핑 47.80%
․냉연강판(‘16.7월) : 반덤핑 34.33%
(‘16.8월) : 상계 59.72%
․열연강판(‘16.9월) : 반덤핑 9.49%
(‘16.8월) : 상계 58.68%
|
․2차재심(‘18.2월) 최종재판정 : 25.51%
․3차재심(‘17.3월) 최종판정 : 60.81%
․4차재심(‘17.8월) 예비판정 : 60.81%
|
ㅇ 정부는 그간 美측에 양자 및 다자채널*을 통해 AFA 적용의 문제점을 지속 제기하였으나, 미국의 AFA 적용이 계속되고 있어,
* 미국 상무부·USTR 고위급 면담, WTO 반덤핑위원회, 한-미 FTA 이행위 등- 법리분석, 업계 및 관계부처 의견수렴을 거쳐 WTO 제소 방침을 결정하였으며, WTO 협정에 따른 양자협의 요청 서한을 2.14(수) 美측에 전달하고 WTO 사무국에 통보할 예정이다.
□ 정부는 WTO 분쟁해결절차의 첫 단계인 양자협의시 미국의 AFA 적용에 따른 반덤핑 및 상계관세 조치가 조속히 시정 또는 철폐될 수 있도록 미국과 협의하고,
ㅇ 동 사안이 해결되지 않는 경우 WTO에 패널설치를 요청하여 본격적인 분쟁해결절차*를 진행할 예정이다.
* WTO 협정 분쟁해결양해 제4.3조에 따라 양자협의를 요청받은 피소국(미국)은 협의 요청일로부터 30일 이내에 양자협의를 진행하여야 하며, 협의 요청일로부터 60일 이내에 합의가 이루어지지 않을 경우, 제소국(우리나라)은 WTO 패널설치 요청 가능
미국의 소위 상호세(reciprocal tax)란 어떤 모양새?
트럼프 대통령이 언급한 소위 "상호세" 혹은 "호혜세", 영어로는 reciprocal tax라서 generic name이라고 봐야 하는데, 이게 개념상으로는 관세이기 때문에 WTO의 GSP나 FTA 특혜 관세와 직접 관련된다. 그런데 새로운 협상 없이 WTO GSP나 FTA 특혜관세를 미국이 일방적으로 변경할 수는 없다.
그래서 다른 방법을 찾아야 하는데, 그게 작년에 언급되었다가 사라진 국경조정세(border adjustment tax)였다. BAT가 물 건너 갔으니, 이제는 다른 걸 찾아야 한다. 내국세의 조정을 통해서 관세를 인상하는 효과를 내는 것은 기술적으로 복잡한 면이 있고, 자칫하면 내국민들이 세금이 인상되었다고 생각하게 할 수 있는 역효과가 있다.
관세를 변경하지 않으면서 관세 인상 효과를 내는 수단이 몇 가지가 있다. 매경에서 잘 정리두었다.
트럼프 "韓中日에 상호세"
그래서 다른 방법을 찾아야 하는데, 그게 작년에 언급되었다가 사라진 국경조정세(border adjustment tax)였다. BAT가 물 건너 갔으니, 이제는 다른 걸 찾아야 한다. 내국세의 조정을 통해서 관세를 인상하는 효과를 내는 것은 기술적으로 복잡한 면이 있고, 자칫하면 내국민들이 세금이 인상되었다고 생각하게 할 수 있는 역효과가 있다.
관세를 변경하지 않으면서 관세 인상 효과를 내는 수단이 몇 가지가 있다. 매경에서 잘 정리두었다.
트럼프 "韓中日에 상호세"
GM의 군산공장 폐쇄는 reshoring의 일환일 수도 있다
GM의 군산공장 폐쇄는 경영여건 악화 때문에 이뤄진 결정이 아닐 수도 있다는 생각이 든다. 트럼프 대통령이 자화자찬하면서 한 말: "내가 대통령이 되지 않았으면 이런 소식들은 듣지 못했을 것"이라는 게 GM의 결정을 자신의 공으로 돌리려는 꼼수만은 아니었을 것으로 본다.
Trump hails GM decision to close S. Korea plant
"You don't hear these things, except for the fact that Trump became president," Trump said. "Believe me, you wouldn't be hearing that. So they're moving back from Korea to Detroit. They're moving."
백악관 간담회서 밝혀…"GM이 미국으로 돌아오고 있다"
도널드 트럼프 미국 대통령이 13일(현지시간) 제너럴모터스(GM)의 한국 군산공장 폐쇄 결정을 자신의 공으로 돌리는 듯한 발언을 했다.
트럼프 대통령은 이날 여야 상하원 의원들과 백악관에서 무역을 주제로 간담회에서 한미자유무역협정(FTA)을 거론하며 "공정한 협정으로 바꾸기 위해 협상을 하거나 폐기할 것"이라며 "하지만 우리가 그걸 하기 전에 GM이 벌써 디트로이트로 돌아오게 됐다. 정말 중대한 발표"라고 말했다.
트럼프 대통령은 "내가 대통령이 되지 않았으면 이런 소식들은 듣지 못했을 것"이라며 "그들이 한국에서 디트로이트로 돌아오고 있다"고 재차 강조했다.
GM과 한국GM은 전날 경영난을 겪는 한국GM에 대한 자구노력의 일환으로 한국GM 군산공장을 5월 말까지 완전히 폐쇄하기로 했다고 발표했다. 하지만 공장 폐쇄 이후 생산 시설을 한국에서 미국으로 옮기겠다는 발표는 없었다.
로이터통신은 트럼프 대통령이 GM의 군산공장 폐쇄 결정을 한미 FTA를 공격하기 위한 수단으로 삼았다고 보도했다.
통신은 또 트럼프 대통령이 GM측으로부터 생산 시설을 미국으로 이전할 계획인지 등에 관해 들은 내용이 있느냐는 질문에 백악관은 명확한 답변을 하지 않았다고 덧붙였다.
[연합뉴스]
Tuesday, February 13, 2018
미국은 인도가 여전히 WTO incompliant하다고 주장
U.S. takes India back to WTO in solar power dispute
Tom Miles
3 MIN READ
GENEVA (Reuters) - India has failed to comply with a World Trade Organization ruling on solar power, the United States will tell the WTO’s dispute settlement body (DSB) next month, triggering a fresh round of litigation, according to an agenda issued on Wednesday.
Renewable energy has become a hot area of trade friction as major economies compete to dominate a sector that is expected to thrive as reliance on coal and oil dwindles.
India unveiled its national solar program in 2011, seeking to ease chronic energy shortages in Asia’s third-largest economy without creating pollution.
But the United States complained to the WTO in 2013, saying the program was discriminatory and U.S. solar exports to India had fallen by 90 percent from 2011.
The United States won the case last year, when WTO appeals judges ruled India had broken the trade rules by requiring solar power developers to use Indian-made cells and modules.
Such “local content” requirements are banned because they discriminate in favor of domestic firms and against foreign competitors.
Under an agreement with the United States, India had until Dec. 14 to comply with the ruling and it told the DSB last week that it had done so.
“Indian authorities have held extensive internal stakeholder consultations since the adoption of the rulings and recommendations of the DSB to fully comply with them,” India said in its statement to the DSB.
“Accordingly, in compliance with the findings and recommendations of the DSB in this dispute, India has ceased to impose any measures as found inconsistent in the DSB’s findings and recommendations.”
But an agenda for the DSB’s next meeting on Jan. 12 showed the United States plans to raise the dispute again, citing WTO rules on non-compliance with trade rulings.
If India is found not to have complied, Washington could ask the WTO for permission to impose trade sanctions on India. But the WTO dispute system is struggling to process a large number of highly complex disputes, so the legal process is likely to continue for a year or more.
Tom Miles
3 MIN READ
GENEVA (Reuters) - India has failed to comply with a World Trade Organization ruling on solar power, the United States will tell the WTO’s dispute settlement body (DSB) next month, triggering a fresh round of litigation, according to an agenda issued on Wednesday.
Renewable energy has become a hot area of trade friction as major economies compete to dominate a sector that is expected to thrive as reliance on coal and oil dwindles.
India unveiled its national solar program in 2011, seeking to ease chronic energy shortages in Asia’s third-largest economy without creating pollution.
But the United States complained to the WTO in 2013, saying the program was discriminatory and U.S. solar exports to India had fallen by 90 percent from 2011.
The United States won the case last year, when WTO appeals judges ruled India had broken the trade rules by requiring solar power developers to use Indian-made cells and modules.
Such “local content” requirements are banned because they discriminate in favor of domestic firms and against foreign competitors.
Under an agreement with the United States, India had until Dec. 14 to comply with the ruling and it told the DSB last week that it had done so.
“Indian authorities have held extensive internal stakeholder consultations since the adoption of the rulings and recommendations of the DSB to fully comply with them,” India said in its statement to the DSB.
“Accordingly, in compliance with the findings and recommendations of the DSB in this dispute, India has ceased to impose any measures as found inconsistent in the DSB’s findings and recommendations.”
But an agenda for the DSB’s next meeting on Jan. 12 showed the United States plans to raise the dispute again, citing WTO rules on non-compliance with trade rulings.
If India is found not to have complied, Washington could ask the WTO for permission to impose trade sanctions on India. But the WTO dispute system is struggling to process a large number of highly complex disputes, so the legal process is likely to continue for a year or more.
트럼프 대통령은 호혜성 세금 부과 천명
U.S. to push for 'reciprocal tax' on trade partners: Trump
David Shepardson
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - U.S. President Donald Trump said on Monday he would push for a “reciprocal tax” against countries, including U.S. allies, that levy tariffs on American products, but officials did not provide details on how such a tax would be structured or what goods it would apply to.
During his populist 2016 presidential campaign, Republican Trump railed at countries that had trade surpluses “taking advantage of the United States” and he revisited the theme on Monday.
“We cannot continue to let people come into our country and rob us blind and charge us tremendous tariffs and taxes and we charge them nothing,” Trump told reporters at a White House event to announce a proposed infrastructure plan.
The United States loses “vast amounts of money with China and Japan and South Korea and so many other countries ... It’s a little tough for them because they’ve gotten away with murder for 25 years. But we’re going to be changing policy,” he said.
Trump said his administration will impose a “reciprocal tax” to charge other countries - “some of them are so-called allies but they’re not allies on trade.”
He did not specify how such a tax would be structured, or whether he meant that U.S. tariff rates should be raised to equal to those charged by other major trading partners. Administration officials were not immediately able to elaborate on the president’s comments.
Trump cited motorcycle maker Harley-Davidson (HOG.N) as an example of the problem of unfair trade. Harley is building a factory in Thailand, partly because its U.S.-built bikes face a 60 percent tariff there.
The United States has pledged to the World Trade Organization a relatively low, 3.5 percent applied tariff rate, compared to 9.9 percent for China and 5.2 percent for the European Union. For some products, the gap is much wider, such as in passenger vehicles, where the United States charges 2.5 percent tariffs, versus 25 percent in China and 10 percent in the EU.
It was also unclear whether Trump was reviving the idea of a border adjustment tax, an idea rejected by congressional Republicans in last year’s tax reform effort.
Retailers and some import-dependent industries strongly opposed the plan for a 20 percent tax on imports aimed at offsetting the value-added tax refunds that some countries grant to their exporters. The National Retail Federation at the time called it a “bad tax” that would “drive up the prices of countless products Americans use every day.”
Trump asked Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross if he agreed with the idea of a reciprocal tax during the infrastructure event.
Ross said, “sure,” and proceeded to say that the United States for too long had offered trade concessions to other countries that were no longer needed.
“Well, we gave away so much unilaterally that we really have to claw it back,” Ross added.
David Shepardson
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - U.S. President Donald Trump said on Monday he would push for a “reciprocal tax” against countries, including U.S. allies, that levy tariffs on American products, but officials did not provide details on how such a tax would be structured or what goods it would apply to.
During his populist 2016 presidential campaign, Republican Trump railed at countries that had trade surpluses “taking advantage of the United States” and he revisited the theme on Monday.
“We cannot continue to let people come into our country and rob us blind and charge us tremendous tariffs and taxes and we charge them nothing,” Trump told reporters at a White House event to announce a proposed infrastructure plan.
The United States loses “vast amounts of money with China and Japan and South Korea and so many other countries ... It’s a little tough for them because they’ve gotten away with murder for 25 years. But we’re going to be changing policy,” he said.
Trump said his administration will impose a “reciprocal tax” to charge other countries - “some of them are so-called allies but they’re not allies on trade.”
He did not specify how such a tax would be structured, or whether he meant that U.S. tariff rates should be raised to equal to those charged by other major trading partners. Administration officials were not immediately able to elaborate on the president’s comments.
Trump cited motorcycle maker Harley-Davidson (HOG.N) as an example of the problem of unfair trade. Harley is building a factory in Thailand, partly because its U.S.-built bikes face a 60 percent tariff there.
The United States has pledged to the World Trade Organization a relatively low, 3.5 percent applied tariff rate, compared to 9.9 percent for China and 5.2 percent for the European Union. For some products, the gap is much wider, such as in passenger vehicles, where the United States charges 2.5 percent tariffs, versus 25 percent in China and 10 percent in the EU.
It was also unclear whether Trump was reviving the idea of a border adjustment tax, an idea rejected by congressional Republicans in last year’s tax reform effort.
Retailers and some import-dependent industries strongly opposed the plan for a 20 percent tax on imports aimed at offsetting the value-added tax refunds that some countries grant to their exporters. The National Retail Federation at the time called it a “bad tax” that would “drive up the prices of countless products Americans use every day.”
Trump asked Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross if he agreed with the idea of a reciprocal tax during the infrastructure event.
Ross said, “sure,” and proceeded to say that the United States for too long had offered trade concessions to other countries that were no longer needed.
“Well, we gave away so much unilaterally that we really have to claw it back,” Ross added.
Friday, February 09, 2018
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